large-volume, 'collapsing' pulse
bounding peripheral pulses; also known as Watson's water hammer pulse
low diastolic and increased pulse pressure
Corrigan's pulse (rapid upstroke and collapse of the carotid artery pulse)
de Musset's sign (head nodding in time with the heart beat)
Quincke's sign (pulsation of the capillary bed in the nail)
Traube's sign (systolic and diastolic murmurs described as 'pistol shots' heard over the femoral artery when it is gradually compressed)
Duroziez's sign (a double sound heard over the femoral artery when it is compressed distally)
Rarer signs include[8]:
Lighthouse sign (blanching & flushing of forehead)
Landolfi's sign (alternating constriction & dilatation of pupil)
Becker's sign (pulsations of retinal vessels)
Müller's sign (pulsations of uvula)
Mayen's sign (diastolic drop of BP>15 mm Hg with arm raised)
Rosenbach's sign (pulsatile liver)
Gerhardt's sign (enlarged spleen)
Hill's sign - a ≥ 20 mmHg difference in popliteal and brachial systolic cuff pressures, seen in chronic severe AI. Considered to be an artefact of sphygmomanometric lower limb pressure measurement.[9]
Lincoln sign (pulsatile popliteal)
Sherman sign (dorsalis pedis pulse is quickly located & unexpectedly prominent in age>75 yr)
Ashrafian sign (Pulsatile pseudo-proptosis)[10]
Unfortunately, none of the above putative signs of aortic insufficiency is of utility in making the diagnosis.[11] What is of value is hearing a diastolic murmur itself, whether or not the above signs are present
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